Thedevelopment of the first modern CT scanner was begun in 1967 by Godfrey Hounsfield, Spatial resolution in the plane of the CT slice is ultimately limited by the spacing of the measurements (referred to here as samples) and by the sizes of the detectors (sampling aperture). 115-128; DOI: 10.2967/jnmt.107.042978 . Share This Article 128Slice CT Scan . Hours of Operation. Monday - Saturday. . Sunday. 8:00-17:00. Contact Us . 8-584-6788. 0998-952-7226. Previous Link McArthur Branch. Contact Information 8-241-8888 Our Locations. Manila City; Marikina City; Quezon City; Valenzuela City; Our Services. PET-CT; MRI Theaddition of the 256-Slice CT to Palm Beach Gardens Medical Center’s radiology suite can expand access to diagnostic imaging that supports a complete range of clinical applications, including cardiology, neurology, orthopedics, body imaging, angiography, breast imaging and oncology. For more information, call Palm Beach Gardens Medical Fast Money. Evaluation and comparison of performance of low-dose 128-slice CT scanner with different mAs values A phantom study Shilpa Singh et al. J Carcinog. 2021. Free PMC article Abstract Objective Radiation dose in computed tomography CT has been the concern of physicists ever since the introduction of CT scan. The objective of this study was to evaluate the performance of low-dose 128-slice CT scanner with different mAs values. Materials and methods Quantitative study was carried out at different values of mAs. Philips brilliance CT phantom with Philips ingenuity 128-slice low-dose CT scanner was chosen for this study. CT number linearity, CT number accuracy, slice thickness accuracy, high-contrast resolution, and low-contrast resolution were calculated and estimated computed tomography dose index volume CTDIvol for all the mAs values were recorded. Noise was calculated for all mAs values for comparison. Results Data analysis shows that image quality was acceptable for all protocols. High-contrast resolution for all protocols was 20 line pairs per centimeter. Low-contrast resolution for 50 mAs images was 4 mm and 3 mm for other mAs protocols. Images acquired using 100 mAs revealed ring artifacts. CTDIvol using 50 mAs was 33% of the CTDIvol using 150 mAs. The dose-length product at 100 mAs was reduced to 66% of the dose-length product at 150 mAs, and the same at 50 mAs was reduced to 33%. Conclusion It is evident here that mAs has direct impact on the radiation dose to patient. With iDose4, mAs can be reduced to 50 mAs in multislice low-dose CT scan to reduce the radiation dose with minimal effect on image quality for slice thickness 4 mm. However, noise would dominate at tube current lower than 50 mAs for 120 kVp. Keywords Computed tomography dose optimization; fourth-generation iterative reconstruction; image quality; low-dose computed tomography. Copyright © 2021 Journal of Carcinogenesis. Figures Figure 1 Schematic diagram of the Philips Brilliance Phantom used for the study Figure 2 Computed tomography numbers recorded for all mAs values to calculate computed tomography number uniformity Figure 3 Images to calibrate high-contrast resolution and low-contrast resolution Figure 4 Graphical representation of the relationship between mAs ad computed tomography dose index volume Similar articles Technical Note Increased photon starvation artifacts at low helical pitch in ultra-low-dose CT. Browne JE, Bruesewitz MR, Vrieze TJ, McCollough CH, Yu L. Browne JE, et al. Med Phys. 2019 Dec;46125538-5543. doi Epub 2019 Oct 21. Med Phys. 2019. PMID 31580485 Technical Note Evaluation of a 160-mm/256-row CT scanner for whole-heart quantitative myocardial perfusion imaging. So A, Imai Y, Nett B, Jackson J, Nett L, Hsieh J, Wisenberg G, Teefy P, Yadegari A, Islam A, Lee TY. So A, et al. Med Phys. 2016 Aug;4384821. doi Med Phys. 2016. PMID 27487900 Relationships of clinical protocols and reconstruction kernels with image quality and radiation dose in a 128-slice CT scanner study with an anthropomorphic and water phantom. Paul J, Krauss B, Banckwitz R, Maentele W, Bauer RW, Vogl TJ. Paul J, et al. Eur J Radiol. 2012 May;815e699-703. doi Epub 2011 Feb 12. Eur J Radiol. 2012. PMID 21316888 Performance evaluation of an 85-cm-bore X-ray computed tomography scanner designed for radiation oncology and comparison with current diagnostic CT scanners. Garcia-Ramirez JL, Mutic S, Dempsey JF, Low DA, Purdy JA. Garcia-Ramirez JL, et al. Int J Radiat Oncol Biol Phys. 2002 Mar 15;5241123-31. doi Int J Radiat Oncol Biol Phys. 2002. PMID 11958910 Pediatric Computed Tomography Dose Optimization Strategies A Literature Review. Al Mahrooqi KMS, Ng CKC, Sun Z. Al Mahrooqi KMS, et al. J Med Imaging Radiat Sci. 2015 Jun;462241-249. doi J Med Imaging Radiat Sci. 2015. PMID 31052099 Review. References Verdun FR, Racine D, Ott JG, Tapiovaara MJ, Toroi P, Bochud FO, et al. Image quality in CT From physical measurements to model observers. Phys Med. 2015;31823–43. - PubMed Kroft LJ, van der Velden L, Girón IH, Roelofs JJ, de Roos A, Geleijns J. Added value of ultra-low-dose computed tomography, dose equivalent to chest X-ray radiography, for diagnosing chest pathology. J Thorac Imaging. 2019;34179–86. - PMC - PubMed Michael MG. Tradeoffs in CT image quality and dose. Med Phys. 2006;331–8. - PubMed Yang Q, Yan P, Zhang Y, Yu H, Shi Y, Mou X, et al. Low-dose CT image denoising using a generative adversarial network with wasserstein distance and perceptual loss. IEEE Trans Med Imaging. 2018;371348–57. - PMC - PubMed Greffier J, Macri F, Larbi A, Fernandez A, Khasanova E, Pereira F, et al. Dose reduction with iterative reconstruction Optimization of CT protocols in clinical practice. Diagn Interv Imaging. 2015;96477–86. - PubMed LinkOut - more resources Full Text Sources Europe PubMed Central PubMed Central Computed Tomography, or CT, refers to computerized imaging procedures where an x-ray beam is aimed towards the patient and rotated around the body, in order to create cross-sectional images of the body. The word “tomography” is derived from Greek for, “tomos” meaning section or slice and “graphe” meaning drawing. In referring to CT scanners, the word “slice” is often mentioned, but does it refer to? The term slice refers to the number of rows of detectors in the z-axis of a CT. For example, in an 8-slice CT, there are eight slices of data captured for each rotation of the gantry. The first CT scanners offered single slice CT SSCT images but now there are multiple-slice CT scanners MSCT. The limitation with using a SSCT was that the thinner slices requiring high image-quality were not achievable unless the region to be scanned was very restricted, leading to low-quality images. A solution to this issue was to utilize the x-ray beam, incorporating multiple rows of detectors, thereby collecting more than one slice at a time and reducing the number of rotations needed. This method also led to the development of MSCT technology. The primary difference in the hardware between the two methods is the design of the detector arrays. SSCT detector arrays are one dimensional, consisting of high numbers of detector elements in a single row, whereas the MSCT allows for each individual element to be divided into several smaller detector elements creating a 2-dimensional array. As seen in the image, as opposed to a singular row of detectors along the fan beam, there are multiple rows of detectors. The first scanner with more than one row of detectors was introduced by Elscint in 1992 and was called the CT-Twin. This scanner allowed data for 2 slices to be shown simultaneously; this addressed x-ray heating problems, and significantly reduced scanning time. Eventually, the first “modern” versions of MSCT scanners were developed and introduced in 1998 and simultaneously acquired 4 slices, which meant four detector rows corresponding to four data channels. In 2002, the first MSCT scanners providing16 slices were introduced. In the current market, the commonly available CT slice counts include 16, 32, 40, 64, and 128 slices, with less common ones providing up to 256 and 320 slice CT scanners. The 4 to 8 slice scanners are slowly being withdrawn from the market. When patients are put through the CT, the circular opening rotates to take a series of x-rays with each rotation taking approximately 1 second. Multiple slice CT scanners initially could take four separate images through each rotation, but technology has improved to the level that CT scanners can now take between 6 to 128 separate images in a singular rotation, meaning that it takes significantly less time to complete a CT scan. Different slice-counts for CT scans can be useful for many different scenarios. The majority of CT scanners can perform general imaging procedures, to include chest and head exams as well as multiple different body views to scan for any fractures. However, for cardiac procedures, higher slice counts are required to ensure optimum image quality. Multi-slice CT scanners have numerous advantages such as superior image quality and this can enable earlier diagnostic results. This essentially leads to shortening the diagnostic time for the patient, enhancing the treatment, and improving the patients’ long-term outcome. Radiation dosage is always a major concern when getting a CT scan, and with the higher slice CT systems, there is the additional benefit of reducing this dose. With technologies such as automatic exposure control AEC and iterative reconstruction IR, a patient scanned on a higher slice CT will receive significantly lower doses of radiation than a patient on a lower dose CT scanner. MSCT can improve overall patient experience as well. CT scanning is an inherently unsettling experience and now with the ability to capture images faster with multiple slice scanners, patients are able to spend less time on the table, and the scanner puts the images into physicians’ hands faster. MSCT also allows large anatomic body ranges to be scanned producing thin and thick sleeves; thick slices are important for primary interpretation, and thin slices are important for reducing partial-volume streaks and allowing for high quality 3-dimensional reconstructions. In summary, the higher the slice count, the faster the speed of the scan; a conventional single-slice CT scanner may take up to ten minutes to complete a scan whereas multi-slice scanners are able to do the job within seconds. Shortening the time for scanning is especially useful for the treatment of children or others who may find it difficult to lie in one position for an extended period of time. 16-slice CT scanners are the ideal machines for higher-use facilities and for everyday use, particularly where reducing scan time is important. It is a good fit for Urgent Care Centers and hospitals alike. However, 32 and 64 slice CT scanners are becoming standard for imaging centers and hospitals; the accuracy and speed make them very suitable for hospitals with higher patient throughput. These higher slice CT scanners provide longer coverage per gantry rotation than the 16 slice scanners and reduce the likelihood of motion artifacts, which can cause blurring or double images in scans. The BodyTom Elite from Neurologica, a subsidiary of Samsung Electronics, is the world’s first mobile, full-body, 32-slice CT scanner, which incorporates the higher CT slice count as well as the portable aspect which allows for transporting the machine right to the patient’s bedsides for any procedures, as opposed to the traditional method of transporting patients to the radiology room. With the two combined, systems like this can save facilities valuable time and money. In conclusion, there are many advantages to the multiple slice CT scanners over the single slice scanners; these machines can increase the diagnostic capabilities of the scan, resulting in clearer images for the medical professionals, a diminished exposure of radiation for the patients, and better long-term outcomes. Multiple slice CT scanners will continue to evolve and grow as they have become a primary diagnostic imaging tool. MDCT Scan What is MDCT Scan and 128 Slice CT Scan? Computed tomography CT scan is a safe, painless, non-invasive test that uses a series of X-rays and a computer to produce images of a cross-section of your body and a 3D image of soft tissues and bones. Sometimes, a contrast agent called a dye, may be used as an Oral/ Intravenous/ Enema, depending on the type of CT scan and reason for the scan, to improve the images by highlighting certain features. It can take anywhere from a few minutes to half an hour for the scan. When a patient passes through the CT scanner, the circular opening rotates and takes x-rays. Each rotation takes about a second. During the rotation, radiation beams are used to create an image of the patient’s body inside the circular opening. In single slice CT-scanners, only one image is produced per rotation. MDCT stands for Multidetector Computed Tomography, also known as multislice computed tomography MSCT. “Multidetector” refers to the number of CT sc detectors that are used to detect X-rays as they pass through the body. A 128-slice CT scan machine has 128 detectors, which allows it to acquire multiple images in one rotation. 128-slice CT Scanner Benefits As compared to 16 or 64-slice, the 128-slice CT scanner has more detectors that provide highly detailed imaging with higher resolution, superior quality and faster scanning speed. MDCT Scan Services CT SCAN ALL PARTS – PLAIN + CONTRAST CT GUIDED BIOPSY CT GUIDED FNAC 4D CT FOR PARATHYROID ADENOMA 3D CT JOINTS / BONES HRCT – THORAX / COCHLEA / TEMPORAL BONE CT DYE STUDY CT ENTEROGRAPHY DENTA SCAN HEAD & NECK ANGIOGRAPHY BRAIN ANGIOGRAPHY PULMONARY ANGIOGRAPHY RENAL ANGIOGRAPHY PERIPHERAL ANGIOGRAPHY UPPER/LOWER LIMB ABDOMINAL / MESENTERIC ANGIOGRAPHY TAVI /TAVR PROTOCOL AORTOGRAPHY CORONARY ANGIOGRAPHY CT DISTAL LOOPOGRAPHY Click Here To Know More About Preparations & Procedure CT Coronary Angiography CT Angiography is the best non-invasive option to rule out any coronary artery disease. It takes only 5 seconds to scan the arteries with the least radiation to the patient & needs no hospitalization. It has 2 components Calcium Scoring Coronary Artery Assessment Click Here To Know More About Preparations & Procedure 128 SLICE MDCT SCAN/CT CORONARY ANGIOGRAPHY Services FAQs 128 Slice MDCT Preparation. If your CT scan uses dye or contrast, you may need to come with some specific preparation Blood test Creatinine report done no later than two weeks before. Diet restrictions You will need to watch what you eat and drink for four hours before your CT scan. Consuming only clear liquids helps prevent nausea when you receive the contrast dye. You can generally have tea or black coffee or strained fruit juices. If you are or might be pregnant, you should tell the CT technician to avoid exposing your baby to radiation. Who should undergo Cardiac CT? Patients at high risk for developing coronary artery disease – risk factors include high lipid levels, family history, smoking, diabetes, hypertension, stressful life, sedentary lifestyle. Post-bypass/ Stent assessment. Even if ECG, Echo, Stress test is relatively normal, major coronary artery disease can be present. Conventional catheter angiography needs hospitalization and it indicates if there is evidence of acute myocardial infarct changes on ECG or Ca score -> 400. What preparation is involved for Cardiac CT? Fasting for at least 2 to 4 hours before the procedure. Serum creatinine report done no later than two weeks before. Stabilization of heart rate with a beta-blocker. Bring all previous test reports including MRI, CT or any other papers. There should preferably be an accompanying friend or relative with the patient. What does the procedure involve? Once the heart rate is stabilized. A vein is cannulated. Breathing instructions are given so that the patient can hold his/her breath for about 5 seconds for the calcium scoring study. A non-ionic “dye” is injected and the coronary CT Angiogram study is performed. The scan time is about 5 seconds & the total on table procedure time is 15–20 minutes. The entire procedure takes about 60 minutes depending on the heart rate. Are there any dangers of CT Scanning? Though X-rays involve radiation, there are no dangers in practice. Contraindicated in pregnant women. CT coronary angiography with 128 Slice CT scan involves very little radiation to patients ranging approximately between 3-14 mSv. Inquiry Form

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